Formulation and Evaluation of Preventive Gel Formulation Foe Metal Toxicity Produce by Cosmetics

Abstract

The increasing use of cosmetic products has raised significant concerns regarding exposure to toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, and nickel, which may be present as contaminants. Prolonged use of such products can lead to accumulation of these metals in the body, resulting in adverse health effects including skin disorders, systemic toxicity, and carcinogenic risks. The present study aims to develop and evaluate a preventive topical gel formulation to minimize heavy metal absorption through the skin. A hydrophilic gel containing disodium EDTA as a chelating agent was formulated using Carbopol 940, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, and rose water. EDTA binds with metal ions to form stable, water-soluble complexes, thereby preventing their penetration into the skin. The prepared gel was evaluated for physicochemical parameters such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, washability, and stability. Analytical studies including FTIR and microscopic evaluation confirmed the compatibility of ingredients and successful complex formation between EDTA and metal ions. The formulation exhibited desirable properties such as skin-friendly pH, good spreadability, and stability. The results indicate that the developed gel effectively reduces metal ion availability and minimizes the risk of toxicity. In conclusion, the formulated disodium EDTA gel represents a safe, economical, and effective preventive approach to protect against heavy metal exposure from daily cosmetic use, promoting improved skin safety and long-term health.