IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms
type: channel
description: IJCRT: UGC Approved and Scopus Indexed Journal
publisher: IJCRT Publications
language: en
publication name: IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms
issn: 2348-4446
items: Investigating Chishti Order Dargah and its Cultural Impact on Delhi During Medieval Period
items: From Traditional Formulation to Molecular Evidence: GC–MS Characterization of Lavangapattai Kudineer in Anti-Hemorrhoidal Therapeutics
items: Research on Splicing Technology of Expressway Reconstruction and Expansion Based on Finite Element Method
items: Multivariate Analysis of Mechanical Response and Rutting Performance in Asphalt Pavements Using 3D-Move Analysis
items: Legacy of Lucknow: A Study of Four Famous Personalities of Cinema, Born and Raised in or Near the City
items: https://ijcrt.org.in/index.php/ijcrt/article/view/223
items: The Principle of Inherent Human Dignity in International Human Rights Law: Philosophical Foundations, Legal Codification, and the Challenge of Cultural Relativism
items: Experimental Investigation on Concrete with Nano Silica and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber
items: Experimental Investigation on Concrete with Prosopis Juliflora Ash and Basalt Fiber Bar Reinforcement
items: Performance Analysis of PAPR Reduction in Multi-User OFDM Systems Using PTS, PSO-PTS AND DE-PTS Techniques
items: An Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Partial Replacement of M-Sand Using Iron Ore Tailings
items: Green biosynthises of nanosilver using Gylcyrrhiza glabra extract -screening of its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic activity
items: AI-Driven Intrusion Detection System for Smart Agriculture in Remote and Disaster-Prone Areas
items: Research on Shaft and Tunnel Road Construction Technology Based on Solid Waste-based Cementitious Materials in Mining Areas
items: Advancing AI-Driven Tissue Engineering Constructs through Future Directions in Real-Time Adaptation, Multi-Modal Integration, and Personalized Scaffold Design
items: Thatheras of Jandiala Guru: The Only UNESCO Metal-Craft Heritage of India
items: Quantum Approach to Classical Signal Processing
items: Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Training Versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
items: Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous Practices in India: Preservation, Promotion, and Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya’s Vision as an Alternative Development Model
items: A Study on the Growth, Challenges, and Prospects of Female Cricketers in India
items: Ayurvedic Management of Vrikka Ashmari (Kidney Stones) through Yoga Basti: A Case Study
items: Generalized Hilbert-Type operator in Weighted Bergman Spaces
items: Examining Differences in Investor Behaviour between Developed and Emerging Economies
items: Integral Humanism and Viksit Bharat 2047: A Civilizational Framework for Sustainable and Inclusive Development
items: Design of A Ka Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Integrated with FSS for Military Drone Communication Systems
items: MRI Image Analysis for Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Convolutional Neural Network
items: Group Insolvency: Towards A Unified Framework for Corporate Distress
items: The Growth of Indian Nationalism under British Rule: Phases and Ideological Shifts
items: Identification of Functional Groups and Chemical Profiling of Ipomoea parasitica Using FTIR Spectroscopy
items: Foundations for Thinking Machines in Artificial General Intelligence

Investigating Chishti Order Dargah and its Cultural Impact on Delhi During Medieval Period
type: item
description: Delhi has long been intertwined with Sufism and its rich cultural traditions. The arrival of Sufis in India during the eleventh century significantly reshaped the city’s cultural landscape. Central to Sufi architecture is the dargah a shrine constructed over the graves of revered saints which in Delhi often reflects the architectural influences of the Mughal and Sultanate periods. The Sufi tradition has had a profound impact on the cultural heritage of Delhi and its surrounding regions. This qualitative research examines the architectural styles of dargahs associated with the Chishti Sufi order in Delhi, particularly those built between the 11th and 14th centuries during the Sultanate period. It also explores the cultural influences and evolution of dargah architecture, assessing their role in shaping Delhi’s architectural and cultural identity. The findings offer insights and guidelines for preserving the indigenous heritage and cultural legacy of these sacred sites for future generations.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Sufism
  topic: keywords
subject: Sufi
  topic: keywords
subject: Dargah
  topic: keywords
subject: Sultanate Period
  topic: keywords
subject: Delhi
  topic: keywords
subject: Architecture
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous Heritage
  topic: keywords
creator: Shahista Bano
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15
starting page: 51155
ending page: 51169
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.19023451

From Traditional Formulation to Molecular Evidence: GC–MS Characterization of Lavangapattai Kudineer in Anti-Hemorrhoidal Therapeutics
type: item
description: According to the World Health Organization, nearly 70–80% of populations in several Asian and African countries depend on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs. Among the AYUSH systems of India, Siddha medicine has gained renewed global attention due to its holistic philosophy and therapeutic potential in managing chronic and lifestyle-related disorders. Bleeding hemorrhoids (Raththa Moolam) are a common anorectal condition characterized by painless rectal bleeding, vascular congestion, and inflammation, significantly impairing quality of life. Conventional treatment modalities often provide only symptomatic relief and are associated with recurrence, adverse effects, and financial burden, thereby emphasizing the need for safer and cost-effective alternative therapies. Lavangapattai Kudineer, a classical Siddha formulation indicated for bleeding disorders, has been traditionally prescribed for the management of Raththa Moolam. The present study aimed to scientifically validate this formulation using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis to identify its phytochemical constituents and evaluate its therapeutic relevance in bleeding hemorrhoids. GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of diverse bioactive compounds exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hemostatic, membrane-stabilizing, and tissue-protective activities. These pharmacological properties are closely aligned with the pathophysiological mechanisms of bleeding hemorrhoids, including oxidative stress, vascular fragility, venous congestion, and mucosal inflammation. The identified constituents may contribute to reducing inflammatory mediators, strengthening vascular integrity, decreasing capillary permeability, enhancing venous tone, and promoting mucosal healing, thereby controlling bleeding and minimizing recurrence.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Lavangapattai Kudineer
  topic: keywords
subject: Siddha medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: GC–MS analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: bleeding hemorrhoids
  topic: keywords
creator: Sathiyaseelan R
creator: Kaviya S
creator: Sathish Kumar P
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 51106
ending page: 51112
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18939773

Research on Splicing Technology of Expressway Reconstruction and Expansion Based on Finite Element Method
type: item
description: To address the mechanical performance issues of the splicing structure between new and old pavements in expressway reconstruction and expansion projects, this study employed ABAQUS software based on the three-dimensional continuum finite element method to systematically analyze the effects of load magnitude, layer modulus, and number of steps on the interlayer stress of the spliced pavement. The research findings can provide theoretical basis for the splicing design and construction control of highway widening and reconstruction projects
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Highway Widening and Reconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite Element Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Splicing of New and Old Pavements
  topic: keywords
subject: Mechanical Response.
  topic: keywords
creator: Haoran Gu
creator: Wenke Huang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-15
publication date: 2026-03-15
starting page: 51144
ending page: 51154
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.19023091

Multivariate Analysis of Mechanical Response and Rutting Performance in Asphalt Pavements Using 3D-Move Analysis
type: item
description: This study investigates the mechanical response and rutting performance of asphalt pavements using 3D-Move Analysis software based on the three-dimensional continuous finite layer method. A multivariate orthogonal experimental design was employed to simulate two pavement structures with different surface layer combinations (SBS-modified asphalt and SMA) under coupled thermal-mechanical loading. Key parameters including vehicle speed (35–77 km/h), temperature (0–40°C), and traffic volume (15,000–45,000 vehicles/day) were systematically analyzed. Results demonstrate that temperature significantly influences the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures, and optimal material selection effectively enhances long-term pavement performance. This research provides practical guidance for pavement structural design and material optimization.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Finite Element
  topic: keywords
subject: Asphalt Pavement
  topic: keywords
subject: Rutting
  topic: keywords
subject: Mechanical Response Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D-Move Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Yijun Lu
creator: Jiandong Huang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
starting page: 51132
ending page: 51143
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.19022612

Legacy of Lucknow: A Study of Four Famous Personalities of Cinema, Born and Raised in or Near the City
type: item
description: When inquired about the cultivation of maximalism by the City of Nawabs, Lucknow, Muzaffar Ali, the Indian maker, poet, artist, fashion designer, and cultural revivalist, replied, “It (Lucknow) has a deeper sense of understanding and feeling situations. The deeper the feeling the greater the sense of the maximal. Here one thing leads to another, till you create an anjuman, a congregation of people and ideas. These feelings are getting eroded by consumerism and film can be one way of recreating them for everybody.” (Shriti Das) Lucknow’s culture is marked by tolerance, courtesy and artistic refinement. The city is renowned for storytelling tradition popularly known as kissa goi, mushaira, kathak dance, poetry, theatre, literature, and is associated with the traditions of ghazals, and classical music. Lucknow, thus, provides quite a conducive environment for artistic growth and space for everything that constitutes the core components of cinema. Through Muzaffar Ali’s words a clear insight into the romantic sophistication of Lucknow city can be perceived in a subtler way: “The rational, historical, humanistic outlook of my father, and the compassionate, culturally-oriented life of my mother, Rani Kaniz Hyder, both were mirrors to the timeless types that existed in Awadh. Through them, these types found their way to the outer world and to the inner world of the sensitive, feminine feudal culture of Umrao Jaan” (Meera Ali). Some of the prominent cinema personalities from Uttar Pradesh are Kaifi Azmi, Shakeel Badayun, Muzaffar Ali and Naushad Ali. Kaifi Azmi, a noted lyricist of Bollywood, was from Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Shakeel Ahmad was born in Badaun, Uttar Pradesh, while Naushad Ali and Muzaffar Ali both hailed from the City of Nawabs, Lucknow. The purpose of this study is to bring together the above mentioned four famous personalities of Hindi cinema born and raised in or near Lucknow, and study the impact that Uttar Pradesh, and Lucknow in particular, had on thes…
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Lucknow
  topic: keywords
subject: Culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Cinema
  topic: keywords
subject: Music, Poetry
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Shweta Mishra
creator: Dr. Sanobar Haider
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 51113
ending page: 51116
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18940232

https://ijcrt.org.in/index.php/ijcrt/article/view/223
type: item
title: Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage: A Comparative Doctrinal Study of Institutional Ethics Review Frameworks in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Republic of India
description: This study undertakes a doctrinal and comparative examination of institutional ethics review mechanisms governing research involving human participants, with particular reference to the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, and their relevance for India. The research proceeds on the premise that contemporary Institutional Review Boards and their functional equivalents have evolved into legally significant bodies responsible for safeguarding participant autonomy, dignity, welfare, and informational privacy. Relying exclusively on secondary sources, including statutory frameworks, regulatory guidance, and leading judicial pronouncements, the study analyses the substantive criteria, procedural architecture, approval timelines, and participant protections embedded within the selected jurisdictions. The findings reveal substantial normative convergence across the three foreign systems, particularly in relation to scientific validity, proportional risk assessment, meaningful informed consent, equitable participant selection, and confidentiality safeguards. However, important operational distinctions persist. The United Kingdom demonstrates the advantages of centralised digital integration and defined decision timelines; Canada reflects a principled yet decentralised institutional model; and Australia offers a hybrid framework combining national guidance with registered committee oversight. Across jurisdictions, proportionate review pathways and transparency mechanisms emerge as key determinants of regulatory efficiency and public trust. When evaluated against this comparative baseline, India’s ethics governance framework appears normatively robust but institutionally uneven. While the ICMR National Ethical Guidelines and the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules have strengthened the regulatory foundation, challenges remain in the areas of procedural uniformity, committee capacity, data governance assessment, and public transparency. The study concludes that India would be…
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Consent
  topic: keywords
subject: Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Autonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Compliance
  topic: keywords
creator: Shivam Jain Kakadia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-10
publication date: 2026-03-10
starting page: 51117
ending page: 51131
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18940451

The Principle of Inherent Human Dignity in International Human Rights Law: Philosophical Foundations, Legal Codification, and the Challenge of Cultural Relativism
type: item
description: The notion of human dignity serves as the foundational principle of modern international human rights law and acts as the normative cornerstone of global bioethics. This chapter explores the philosophical progression of human dignity, tracing its origins from ancient Greek and Stoic thought through Christian theology to Enlightenment philosophy, thereby illustrating how the concept has been articulated throughout various intellectual traditions. The analysis examines how dignity, defined as the inherent and inalienable worth that is equally possessed by all members of the human family, emerged as the organizing principle of the international legal order established post-World War II, first enshrined in the United Nations Charter (1945) and later in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). It is established in this chapter that human dignity serves as the ultimate source from which fundamental human rights are derived, rather than being classified as a right itself. This foundational relationship elucidates that rights exist due to individuals' intrinsic worth, independent of state endorsement. The inherent and universal nature of dignity necessitates equal treatment and prohibits discrimination, thus providing the normative framework for safeguarding human integrity against potentially detrimental biotechnological advancements. In addressing the critique of cultural relativism, the chapter illustrates that while human dignity has been systematically developed within Western philosophy, analogous concepts are present in non-Western traditions, including Confucianism and Islam. International human rights instruments, notably the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (2005), acknowledge cultural diversity while asserting that cultural practices cannot override fundamental human rights principles. The chapter concludes by affirming that human dignity functions as a unifying transcultural principle, facilitating the establishment of minimal common …
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Dignity
  topic: keywords
subject: Rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: Universality
  topic: keywords
creator: Shiv Shakti Singh Shekhawat
creator: Rohan Rajeev Ghosh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-03
publication date: 2026-03-03
starting page: 51100
ending page: 51105
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18842987

Experimental Investigation on Concrete with Nano Silica and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber
type: item
description: This experimental study investigates the combined effect of Nano Silica (NS) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fiber in M30 grade concrete. Nano Silica owing to its ultrafine particle size and high pozzolanic reactivity acts as a micro-filler and accelerates the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) gel thereby refining the pore structure and improving compressive strength. PVA fibers with their high tensile strength and excellent bonding properties, bridge micro-cracks and enhance ductility and toughness of the concrete matrix. In this study Nano Silica was used as a partial replacement for cement at 1%, 2%, and 3% by weight, while PVA fiber was added as 0.5% by volume of concrete. The specimens were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days of curing.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Concrete
  topic: keywords
subject: Nano Silica
  topic: keywords
subject: Polyvinyl Alcohol
  topic: keywords
subject: Fiber
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. S. Sundari
creator: Sorna. K
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
starting page: 51083
ending page: 51088
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18634807

Experimental Investigation on Concrete with Prosopis Juliflora Ash and Basalt Fiber Bar Reinforcement
type: item
description: The increasing environmental concerns caused by global warming and the rising costs of cement production due to quarrying have created a pressing need to explore alternative materials. To address this challenge, extensive research has been carried out to identify suitable replacements for cement. This research work is aimed to investigate the strength of concrete with partial replacement of cement with Prosopis juliflora ash (PJA) and compare it with conventional concrete. The grade of concrete is M30. Incorporating Prosopis juliflora ash can potentially reduce the overall consumption of cement in the country while promoting sustainable construction practices. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of Prosopis juliflora ash as a partial replacement for cement on the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength of concrete. In this investigation, Prosopis juliflora ash (locally known as Seemaikaruvelam) was used to replace cement in varying proportions of 10%, 20% and 30%. Based on the experimental results, the mix containing 20% Prosopis juliflora ash exhibited optimal strength characteristics. The findings of this study highlight the potential of Prosopis juliflora ash as an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative material for sustainable construction
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Concrete
  topic: keywords
subject: Prosopis Juliflora Ash
  topic: keywords
subject: Basalt Fiber
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. S. Sundari
creator: Kavya S
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
starting page: 51076
ending page: 51082
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18634639

Performance Analysis of PAPR Reduction in Multi-User OFDM Systems Using PTS, PSO-PTS AND DE-PTS Techniques
type: item
description: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is widely employed in modern multi-user wireless systems due to its high spectral efficiency and robustness to multipath fading. However, the high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of OFDM signals reduces power amplifier efficiency and degrades system performance. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS), Particle Swarm Optimization-based PTS (PSO-PTS), and Differential Evolution-based PTS (DE-PTS) techniques for PAPR reduction in multi-user OFDM systems. The proposed methods are implemented in MATLAB and evaluated in terms of PAPR, Bit Error Rate (BER), and spectral efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that DE-PTS achieves the lowest PAPR of approximately 5.3 dB with minimal BER degradation and improved spectral efficiency, outperforming conventional PTS and PSO-PTS methods. These findings confirm the effectiveness of optimization-based PTS techniques for enhancing performance in next-generation wireless communication systems.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: OFDM
  topic: keywords
subject: PAPR reduction
  topic: keywords
subject: Partial Transmit Sequence
  topic: keywords
subject: Particle Swarm Optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Differential Evolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-user communication
  topic: keywords
creator: B. Sivajothi
creator: Dr. K. Jayanthi IJCRT
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
starting page: 51089
ending page: 51099
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18635286

An Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Partial Replacement of M-Sand Using Iron Ore Tailings
type: item
description: This research work aims to study further sustainability to the less geopolymer concrete cement by partially replacing fine aggregate by Iron ore tailings. Geopolymer concrete is one of the building materials that has become more popular in recent years because it is significantly more environmentally friendly than standard concrete. Geopolymer concrete usually includes fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace slag, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate activated by means of alkaline liquids like sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Further the Iron ore tailings which is a byproduct obtained from Steel manufacturing industry can be used as a replacement to fine aggregate. By using this for construction purposes, it reduces environmental pollution. Geopolymer concrete of grade M30 with Iron ore tailings as a partial replacement to fine aggregate was studied for its compressive, tensile and flexural behavior and compared with conventional Geopolymer concrete. The study derived that in all stages, the performance of the geopolymer concrete with Iron ore tailings was marginally better than the conventional Geopolymer concrete with fine aggregate. In this study, the Iron ore tailings are used in various percentages such as 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% and found 40% was effective in terms of strength.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Geopolymer
  topic: keywords
subject: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
  topic: keywords
subject: Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3)
  topic: keywords
subject: Fine aggregate
  topic: keywords
subject: Coarse aggregate
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. P Senthamilselvi
creator: G. Harishmitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 51059
ending page: 51065
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18575983

Green biosynthises of nanosilver using Gylcyrrhiza glabra extract -screening of its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic activity
type: item
description: The current study aims to investigate the anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antidiabetic and anti-oxidant properties of the silver nanoparticles synthesised by ecofriendly method of green biosynthesis by utilizing the aqueous stem extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice Stem) as a reducing agent. The bio synthesised AgNPs are characterised in this study using visual colour change, FTIR study was used to detect the presence of functionals groups present in the AgNP, SEM analysis was used to characterise the average size of AgNPs, which were with a size range from 64.82 nm to 85.04 nm and UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis shows maximum absorbance band at 450 nm, respectively. Using the agar disc diffusion method, antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated against typical strains of bacteria and fungus. The antioxidant property was determined using DPPH assay and SOD assays. The antidiabetic property was tested using alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory assays respectively and the results were compared with the results of acarbose standards. Due to its high concentration of plant-based phytoestrogens and/or natural antioxidants, the legume Glycyrrhiza glabra may be used in the long run to treat and/or prevent diseases linked to oxidative stress including diabetic nephropathy, ferroptosis and certain types of cancer and nanobiomedial applications.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Glycyrrhiza glabra
  topic: keywords
subject: antidiabetic property
  topic: keywords
subject: natural antioxidants
  topic: keywords
subject: antibacterial activity
  topic: keywords
creator: Sathya Priya Janaki Ram
creator: Sangeetha Soundhararajan IJCRT
creator: Shanmuga Priya Venugopal IJCRT
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-09
publication date: 2026-02-09
starting page: 51043
ending page: 51055
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18556310

AI-Driven Intrusion Detection System for Smart Agriculture in Remote and Disaster-Prone Areas
type: item
description: Smart agriculture integrates Internet of Things devices, sensors, and wireless communication technologies to enhance crop productivity and support sustainable farming practices. In India, climate change has significantly affected major crops, resulting in highly unpredictable yields over recent decades. Accurate prediction of crop yield before harvest is therefore essential for effective planning and efficient resource management. This study proposes an Artificial Intelligence driven Intrusion Detection System designed to secure smart agriculture networks while enabling intelligent crop yield prediction. The proposed framework combines agricultural data collected through Internet of Things technologies with machine learning techniques. A Random Forest algorithm is employed to predict crop yield with high accuracy. An interactive web based platform is developed to provide a user friendly interface for farmers and other stakeholders. Standard benchmark datasets such as the Network Security Laboratory Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining dataset are used to train and validate the Intrusion Detection System module. The system continuously monitors Internet of Things network traffic to detect potential cyber threats, thereby ensuring data integrity and reliable system operation. The integrated framework enhances network security and decision making capabilities, supports efficient resource allocation and farm planning, improves overall agricultural productivity, and strengthens cybersecurity in smart farming environments. The proposed approach promotes sustainable and data driven agriculture.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: IOT
  topic: keywords
subject: IDS
  topic: keywords
subject: AI
  topic: keywords
subject: ML
  topic: keywords
creator: Kowshika D K
creator: Dr. D.Mary Sugantharathanam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 51066
ending page: 51075
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18576971

Research on Shaft and Tunnel Road Construction Technology Based on Solid Waste-based Cementitious Materials in Mining Areas
type: item
description: The large-scale accumulation of solid waste in mining areas and the high-carbon footprint of traditional cement-based materials present dual challenges for sustainable underground construction. This study investigates the preparation of high-performance cementitious materials from activated coal gangue and tailings for roadway pavement applications. Systematic experiments confirm the developed material exhibits superior mechanical strength, enhanced durability in humid/corrosive environments, and excellent environmental safety compliance. Furthermore, we propose an integrated technical solution encompassing optimized mix design, specialized construction techniques, and quality control protocols. This approach enables effective solid waste valorization while significantly reducing construction costs and environmental impact, providing practical support for green mine development and circular economy implementation in mining operations.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Solid waste-based cementitious materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Mining area solid waste utilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Shaft and tunnel road construction
  topic: keywords
subject: Alkali activation
  topic: keywords
creator: Jiandong Huang
creator: Yijun Lu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-03
publication date: 2026-01-03
starting page: 51039
ending page: 51042
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18137714

Advancing AI-Driven Tissue Engineering Constructs through Future Directions in Real-Time Adaptation, Multi-Modal Integration, and Personalized Scaffold Design
type: item
description: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in tissue engineering has emerged as a transformative approach to designing scaffolds that enhance tissue regeneration and integration. This paper presents the Adaptive Multi-Modal AI for Personalized Scaffold Design (AMAPS), a novel framework that addresses the limitations of existing AI models in tissue engineering by incorporating real-time adaptation, multi-modal data integration, and personalized scaffold design. The AMAPS framework employs advanced algorithms to analyze diverse biological data, allowing for the dynamic adjustment of scaffold properties in response to the evolving needs of regenerating tissue. Through a comprehensive review of recent literature, we highlight the current state of AI-driven tissue engineering and the challenges faced by traditional models, including their inability to provide personalized solutions and their reliance on static datasets. By contrasting AMAPS with existing methodologies, we demonstrate significant improvements in prediction accuracy, scaffold integration rates, and patient satisfaction. Our findings suggest that AMAPS not only enhances scaffold performance but also fosters a more patient-centric approach to regenerative medicine. This research paves the way for future developments in AI-driven tissue engineering, with the potential to revolutionize scaffold design and improve clinical outcomes in regenerative therapies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Tissue Engineering
  topic: keywords
subject: Scaffold Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Personalized Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-Modal Data Integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Mr. Nazeer Shaik
creator: Dr. Ajman Shaik IJCRT
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-07
publication date: 2025-01-07
starting page: 50451
ending page: 50459
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18557003

Thatheras of Jandiala Guru: The Only UNESCO Metal-Craft Heritage of India
type: item
description: This paper examines the traditional brass and copper utensil-making craft of the Thathera community of Jandiala Guru (Punjab), the only metal-craft element from India inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (2014). The study combines a critical literature review, secondary source analysis, and a field-research methodology designed for replication: participant observation, semi-structured interviews, artifact analysis, and photographic documentation. Findings trace the craft’s technology, socio-economic decline and revival efforts, knowledge transmission pathways, and recommendations for sustainable safeguarding. Live examples and referenced interview material illustrate practitioner techniques and community initiatives.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Arts and crafts
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Influence
  topic: keywords
subject: United Nations
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous Crafts
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Satyamangal Rege
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-23
publication date: 2025-10-23
starting page: 51035
ending page: 51038
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17427227

Quantum Approach to Classical Signal Processing
type: item
description: Classical signal processing methods, grounded in linear transformations such as Fourier and Laplace, have long served as cornerstones in engineering and scientific domains. The advent of quantum computing introduces transformative tools, including the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) and Quantum Inverse Fourier Transform (Q-IFT), which operate with O(log2 N) complexity, offering exponential al speedups over their classical counterparts O(N*log (N)). This paper delves into the quantum reimagining of signal processing, employing principles of quantum parallelism, superposition, and entanglement to tackle spectral analysis, filtering, and convolution tasks. By encoding signals into quantum states and leveraging unitary operators, we demonstrate superior performance in high-dimensional signal decomposition and noise-tolerant computation. Practical implementations are analyzed through simulations in Qiskit, highlighting the enhancements in spectral resolution and frequency trade-offs. Insights from prior work underscore critical challenges, including gate fidelity and noise-induced decoherence, but also illuminate pathways for hybrid quantum-classical signal processing systems. This study establishes a mathematical and practical framework for transitioning classical signal processing tasks into the quantum paradigm, underscoring the potential for unprecedented advances in efficiency and scalability.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Quantum Signal Processing (QSP)
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT)
  topic: keywords
subject: Classical Signal Processing
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum Computing
  topic: keywords
subject: Spectral Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Rohan Milind Kadam
creator: Saiesh Sujay Khadpe
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-23
publication date: 2025-10-23
starting page: 51029
ending page: 51034
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17427176

Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Training Versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
type: item
description: This study investigated the comparative effectiveness of proprioceptive training and muscle energy techniques in individuals with knee osteoarthritis, a condition characterized by pain, joint stiffness, decreased muscle strength, and proprioceptive deficits. Sixty participants meeting the selection criteria were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A received proprioceptive training three days per week, two sessions per day for six weeks, while Group B received muscle energy techniques three days per week for six weeks. Pain, range of motion, and functional disability were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Goniometer, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively. Data analysis with paired t-tests showed significant improvements within both groups, while independent t-tests revealed that proprioceptive training produced greater improvements across all outcomes compared to muscle energy techniques. The findings conclude that while both interventions are effective, six weeks of proprioceptive training is superior in reducing pain, improving range of motion, and minimizing functional disability in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Knee Osteoarthritis
  topic: keywords
subject: Proprioceptive Training
  topic: keywords
subject: Muscle Energy Technique
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual Analogue Scale
  topic: keywords
subject: Goniometer
  topic: keywords
subject: Western Ontario McMaster Universities Arthritis index
  topic: keywords
creator: Ashok Chakravarthi Chennupati
creator: Gunisetti Hari Krishna
creator: L.V.S. Pravallika
creator: Devagupthapu Devi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-24
publication date: 2025-09-24
starting page: 51021
ending page: 51028
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17189857

Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous Practices in India: Preservation, Promotion, and Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya’s Vision as an Alternative Development Model
type: item
description: This article examines India’s traditional knowledge systems and indigenous practices, covering traditional agriculture, craftwork, Ayurveda, and community-based environmental management, through the twin lenses of preservation and contemporary policy engagement. It situates these practices within Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya’s idea of Integral Humanism, which valorizes indigenous knowledge not only as cultural heritage but as a viable alternative to Western-driven development paradigms. Drawing on national initiatives, international frameworks, and scholarship on intellectual-property challenges and biopiracy, the article argues for pluralistic, community-centred governance of traditional knowledge systems. It concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen community rights, participatory documentation, equitable benefit-sharing, and integrative research that respects epistemic pluralism.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Traditional Knowledge Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Integral Humanism
  topic: keywords
subject: Development Model
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof. B. Dharmalingam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-24
publication date: 2025-09-24
starting page: 51013
ending page: 51020
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17189657

A Study on the Growth, Challenges, and Prospects of Female Cricketers in India
type: item
description: Cricket in India, traditionally dominated by men, has seen a significant rise in female participation and recognition in recent years. This article explores the evolution of women’s cricket in India, with a special focus on the development of female cricketers at grassroots and elite levels. It highlights key challenges such as lack of infrastructure, gender bias, and limited media coverage. The study also analyzes the impact of recent initiatives by BCCI and ICC, and outlines the road ahead for women in Indian cricket.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
creator: Ms. Namrata Mohan Antalamarad
creator: Dr. Jyoti Upadhye
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
starting page: 51001
ending page: 51006
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16858924

Ayurvedic Management of Vrikka Ashmari (Kidney Stones) through Yoga Basti: A Case Study
type: item
description: Vrikka Ashmari (kidney stones) is a common urinary disorder, characterized by severe pain, dysuria, and hematuria. This case study evaluates the efficacy of Panchakarma therapy in a 35-year-old male patient with bilateral renal calculi and hydronephrosis. The treatment included Purvakarma (oleation and fomentation), Pradhanakarma (Yoga Basti with Sahacharadi Taila and Varunadi Kashaya), and Paschatkarma (dietary rehabilitation). Post-treatment assessments showed significant relief in pain, dysuria, hematuria, and tenderness, with complete resolution of symptoms. Follow-up medications included Punarnava Mandoor, Chandraprabha Vati, and Gokshuradi Guggulu. The study demonstrates Ayurveda’s potential in managing urolithiasis effectively.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: Vrikka Ashmari, kidney stones, Panchakarma, Yoga Basti, Ayurveda, Urolithiasis, Hydronephrosis.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Avijit Das
creator: Dr.Ramakant Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
starting page: 50997
ending page: 51000
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16871717

Generalized Hilbert-Type operator in Weighted Bergman Spaces
type: item
description: If f be an analytic function on the unit disk in the complex plane We consider the generalized Hilbert-type operators defined by (refer PDF for equation) where and b are non-negative real numbers. In particular, for , becomes the Generalized Hilbert operator and for , it becomes the classical Hilbert operator . We study these operators acting on weighted Bergman spaces of analytic functions in Here we give conditions on the parameters and such that is bounded on .
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Generalized Hilbert-type operators
  topic: keywords
subject: Integral-type operators
  topic: keywords
subject: Bergman Spaces
  topic: keywords
creator: K. Rajbangshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-15
publication date: 2025-09-15
starting page: 51007
ending page: 51012
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17119483

Examining Differences in Investor Behaviour between Developed and Emerging Economies
type: item
description: This study explores the differences in investor behaviour between developed and emerging economies. By analysing factors such as risk tolerance, investment preferences, and market dynamics, the research identifies key behavioural patterns. The findings highlight the influence of economic stability, cultural factors, and regulatory environments on investor decision-making, providing actionable insights for market participants and policymakers.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Developed Economies
  topic: keywords
subject: Emerging Economies
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Tolerance
  topic: keywords
subject: Market Dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Influence
  topic: keywords
subject: Regulatory Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Investor Behaviour
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof. Mahesh Mahankal
creator: Dr. Sachin Misal
creator: Dr. Ganesh Lande
creator: Dr. Vaihali Nikam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-04
publication date: 2025-08-04
starting page: 50980
ending page: 50983
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16736463

Integral Humanism and Viksit Bharat 2047: A Civilizational Framework for Sustainable and Inclusive Development
type: item
description: As India charts its path toward becoming a developed nation by the centenary of its independence in 2047, there is an urgent need for a development model that goes beyond economic metrics and aligns with the country’s civilizational ethos. This paper explores the philosophy of Integral Humanism, articulated by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya, as a foundational framework for realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047. Integral Humanism emphasizes the holistic development of the individual, body, mind, intellect, and soul, in harmony with society, nature, and ethical values. It calls for a synthesis of spiritual and material progress, cultural rootedness, and moral responsibility. The research analyzes how Integral Humanism aligns with and enhances contemporary national priorities, including self-reliance (Atmanirbhar Bharat), inclusive growth, rural revitalization, and ecological sustainability. Through case studies of major government initiatives such as Digital India, Skill India, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, and Mission LiFE, the paper illustrates the practical convergence between policy and philosophical vision. Furthermore, it draws parallels between Integral Humanism and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, mapping key principles like Antyodaya, Swadeshi, and Dharma onto global development priorities. The paper concludes that Integral Humanism offers a uniquely Indian, yet universally relevant, model of sustainable development, one that prioritizes human dignity, social equity, and ecological balance. By adopting this indigenous philosophical lens, India can lead the world in redefining progress as both ethical and inclusive.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Integral Humanism
  topic: keywords
subject: Viksit Bharat 2047
  topic: keywords
subject: Antyodaya
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Development Goals.
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof. Dharmalingam B.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-04
publication date: 2025-08-04
starting page: 50974
ending page: 50979
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16736434

Design of A Ka Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Integrated with FSS for Military Drone Communication Systems
type: item
description: This project presents the design and simulation of a compact, high performance microstrip patch antenna operating at 32 GHz within the Ka band, specifically tailored for military drone communication systems. The antenna is constructed using Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate, characterized by a low dielectric constant (εr = 2.2) and minimal loss tangent (tan δ = 0.0009), ensuring superior radiation efficiency and reduced signal attenuation at millimeter-wave frequencies. To enhance the antenna's performance, a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is integrated, serving to improve gain and bandwidth while mitigating electromagnetic interference. The design achieves a peak gain, a return loss better than -17 dB, and a bandwidth exceeding 2 GHz, indicating its efficacy for reliable and secure military drone communications. The antenna's low-profile and lightweight design make it suitable for integration into unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), where size and weight constraints are critical. The proposed antenna system holds promise for applications requiring robust, high frequency communication links in compact airborne platforms.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Ka-band
  topic: keywords
subject: Microstrip Patch Antenna
  topic: keywords
subject: Military Drone Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Rogers RT/duroid 5880
  topic: keywords
creator: B. Sivajothi
creator: Dr. D. Mary Sugantharathnam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-24
publication date: 2025-07-24
starting page: 50958
ending page: 50965
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16404239

MRI Image Analysis for Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Convolutional Neural Network
type: item
description: In medical imaging, the analysis of Brain Tumor Segmentation is one of the most challenging Problems. To reduce the death rate, the defects in the region of a Human Brain should be reported immediately. The segmentation of the abnormal region helps to monitor and plan the treatment. Isolating normal and abnormal tissues is a critical step in Segmentation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a widely used, noninvasive modality for early diagnosis of Brain abnormalities. Several Deep Learning based methods have been applied to Brain Tumor Segmentation and achieved promising results. Deep Learning techniques such as the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) are used to obtain the best results in Brain Tumor Segmentation. The building blocks of CNN algorithms are specifically designed for image segmentation tasks. Looking ahead, Deep Learning-based Brain Tumor Segmentation holds significant potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of Brain Tumors, paving the way for more accurate and personalized healthcare solutions.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
  topic: keywords
subject: Deep Learning (DL)
  topic: keywords
creator: Kowshika D K
creator: Dr. M. Dhinakaran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-24
publication date: 2025-07-24
starting page: 50949
ending page: 50957
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16403898

Group Insolvency: Towards A Unified Framework for Corporate Distress
type: item
description: The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) represents a landmark reform in India’s corporate insolvency framework. However, its current structure lacks a comprehensive mechanism to address the insolvency of corporate groups—entities that are legally distinct but economically and operationally interdependent. This gap poses significant challenges, including procedural inefficiencies, value erosion, and the risk of conflicting judicial outcomes. In a globalized economy where corporate group structures are increasingly prevalent, the absence of a coordinated insolvency regime undermines the effectiveness of resolution processes. This paper explores the conceptual and practical need for a group insolvency framework in India. It draws upon international jurisprudence and regulatory frameworks, including the UNCITRAL Model Law on Enterprise Group Insolvency and comparative practices from jurisdictions such as the United States, Germany, and the European Union. The study also critically assesses recent developments in Indian insolvency jurisprudence and the recommendations of the various reports. Through this analysis, the paper advocates for the integration of a structured group insolvency mechanism within the IBC, emphasizing the need for efficacy and fairness of insolvency proceedings involving corporate groups.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Insolvency
  topic: keywords
subject: Group insolvency
  topic: keywords
subject: consolidation
  topic: keywords
subject: Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process
  topic: keywords
creator: Prakriti Raj
creator: Priyanshu Kumar Tripathy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-12
publication date: 2025-07-12
starting page: 50924
ending page: 50931
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15867737

The Growth of Indian Nationalism under British Rule: Phases and Ideological Shifts
type: item
description: The growth of Indian nationalism under British rule was a complex, multi-phased process shaped by economic exploitation, socio-cultural awakening, and political consciousness among Indians. Initially emerging as a moderate, constitutional movement seeking reforms within the colonial framework, Indian nationalism gradually evolved into a mass-based struggle demanding complete independence. This paper examines the phases of this evolution, including the early moderate phase, the extremist phase, and the Gandhian mass movement phase, analyzing the ideological shifts that occurred within each period. It also explores the role of socio-religious reform movements, the impact of Western education, the rise of an Indian press, and the experiences of economic deprivation under colonial policies in fueling nationalist sentiments. By mapping the ideological transitions from loyalty to the Crown to outright demand for Purna Swaraj (complete independence), this study highlights how Indian nationalism transformed from elite-led constitutional agitation to a broad-based mass movement, reflecting the aspirations of diverse social groups in India. The paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how Indian nationalism under British rule was neither linear nor monolithic but a dynamic interplay of shifting ideologies, leadership strategies, and mass participation that ultimately culminated in India’s freedom in 1947.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Indian nationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: British colonial rule
  topic: keywords
subject: socio-religious reform
  topic: keywords
subject: economic exploitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Western education
  topic: keywords
subject: Indian National Congress
  topic: keywords
subject: mass mobilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Gandhian politics
  topic: keywords
subject: independence movement
  topic: keywords
creator: Vaishali Mundel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 50932
ending page: 50936
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15907535

Identification of Functional Groups and Chemical Profiling of Ipomoea parasitica Using FTIR Spectroscopy
type: item
description: The chemical profile of Ipomoea parasitica was investigated using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to identify the functional groups present in its extracts. Fresh leaves of Ipomoea parasitica were collected from natural habitats in Andhra Pradesh, India, and subjected to soxhlet extraction with methanol and water. The resulting extracts were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy with potassium bromide (KBr) pellets to determine their functional group composition. The FTIR spectra revealed prominent O-H stretching peaks at 3318.90 cm⁻¹, 3292.16 cm⁻¹, and 3270.18 cm⁻¹, indicative of alcohols and phenols. C-H stretching peaks at 2943.07 cm⁻¹ and 2839.56 cm⁻¹ confirmed the presence of alkanes. The analysis also identified C=C stretching at 1634.04 cm⁻¹ and multiple peaks in the 1760-1400 cm⁻¹ range, suggesting a diverse mixture of alkenes. Additionally, C-O stretching peaks at 1207.96 cm⁻¹, 1153.96 cm⁻¹, and 1356.32 cm⁻¹ highlighted the presence of alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, and ethers. C-N stretching at 1054.20 cm⁻¹ indicated aromatic and aliphatic amines. Peaks for C-I and carbonyl groups further elucidated the presence of iodo compounds and carbonyl-containing compounds. The FTIR analysis underscores the diverse chemical composition of Ipomoea parasitica, with functional groups that may have significant biological and practical implications. The presence of phenolic compounds suggests potential antioxidants or antimicrobial properties, while the broad array of functional groups indicates varied biological activities. The study also notes the plant's high germination rate and prolific fruit production, emphasizing its ecological and practical significance. Understanding the chemical profile of Ipomoea parasitica can inform its potential applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and other fields.This is the first report of identification of functional groups from Ipomoea parasitica(leaves and stem).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: Ipomoea parasitica
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional groups
  topic: keywords
subject: Alkanes
  topic: keywords
subject: Phenolic compounds
  topic: keywords
creator: Santosh Kumari Maddina
creator: Ammani Kandru
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 50912
ending page: 50923
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15861025

Foundations for Thinking Machines in Artificial General Intelligence
type: item
description: The development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) stands as a grand challenge in the field of artificial intelligence, aiming to create systems that possess human-like cognitive abilities across diverse tasks and environments. While recent advancements in deep learning and multi-modal models have led to impressive capabilities, current AI systems remain limited in adaptability, reasoning, and self-awareness. This paper presents a unified, modular framework for AGI design—called the Modular AGI Framework (MAF)—that integrates symbolic reasoning, neural learning, episodic memory, meta-cognition, and human feedback alignment. Through a detailed comparison with existing systems such as GPT-4, Gato, SOAR, and OpenCog, we demonstrate the proposed architecture’s superior performance across key AGI metrics, including generalization, causal reasoning, adaptability, and interpretability. This work contributes a structured pathway toward realizing truly thinking machines and outlines the essential components necessary for safe and scalable AGI systems.
subject: Journal Article
  topic: section
subject: Thesis
  topic: category
subject: Artificial General Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Modular Architecture
  topic: keywords
subject: Meta-Cognition
  topic: keywords
subject: Hybrid Intelligence
  topic: keywords
creator: Nazeer Shaik
creator: Dr. T. Murali Krishna
creator: Dr. P. Chitralingappa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 IJCRT Research Journal | UGC Approved and UGC Care Journal | Scopus Indexed Journal Norms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-04
publication date: 2025-08-04
starting page: 50966
ending page: 50973
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16736236